Yintoni endifanele ndinikele ingqalelo kuyo ngeempahla ezibuthathaka?

Kumsebenzi wabathumeli bempahla, sihlala sisiva igama elithi "impahla ebuthathaka".Kodwa zeziphi iimpahla ezibuthathaka?Yintoni endifanele ndinikele ingqalelo kuyo ngeempahla ezibuthathaka?

Kushishino lwezothutho lwamazwe ngamazwe, ngokungqinelana nengqungquthela, iimpahla zihlala zohlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amathathu: izinto ezingekho mthethweni, iimpahla ezibuthathaka kunye nempahla jikelele.Impahla engekho mthethweni ithintelwe ngokungqongqo ukuba ingathunyelwa.Impahla enovakalelo kufuneka ihanjiswe ngokungqongqo ngokungqinelana nemigaqo yeempahla ezahlukeneyo.Impahla jikelele ziimpahla ezinokuthunyelwa ngokuqhelekileyo.
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Yintoni iimpahla ezibuthathaka?
Inkcazelo yeempahla ezibuthathaka inzima noko.Ziimpahla phakathi kwempahla eqhelekileyo kunye nezinto ezingekho mthethweni.Kwizothutho zamazwe ngamazwe, kukho umahluko ongqongqo phakathi kweempahla ezibuthathaka kunye neempahla eziphula izithintelo.

“Impahla ebuthathaka” ibhekisa ngokubanzi kwizinto eziphantsi kohlolo olusemthethweni (uhlolo lwasenkundleni) (kubandakanywa nezo zikwikhathalogu yokuhlola esemthethweni enemiqathango B yokuhlola ukuthumela ngaphandle, kunye neempahla ezihlolwe ngokusemthethweni ngaphandle kwekhathalogu).Ezinje: izilwanyana kunye nezityalo kunye neemveliso zazo, ukutya, iziphuzo kunye newayini, iimveliso ezithile zezimbiwa kunye neekhemikhali (izinto eziyingozi ngakumbi), izinto zokuthambisa, ii-fireworks kunye nezilayiti, iimveliso zokhuni kunye nemithi (kubandakanywa nefenitshala yomthi), njl.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimpahla ezibuthathaka kuphela ziimveliso ezingavumelekanga ukuba zikhwele okanye zilawulwe ngokungqongqo ngamasiko.Iimveliso ezinjalo zinokuthunyelwa ngaphandle ngokukhuselekileyo nangesiqhelo kwaye zibhengezwe njengesiqhelo.Ngokubanzi, kufuneka banikezele ngeengxelo zovavanyo ezihambelanayo kwaye basebenzise ukupakishwa okuhlangabezana neempawu zabo ezizodwa.Ukukhangela iimveliso ezomeleleyo Iinkampani ezithumela impahla ziqhuba uthutho.
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Zeziphi iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeempahla ezibuthathaka?
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Iibhetri

Iibhetri, kuquka iimpahla ezineebhetri.Ekubeni iibhetri zinokubangela ukutsha okuzenzekelayo, ukuqhuma, njl., ziyingozi kwaye zichaphazela ukhuseleko lwezothutho.Ziimpahla ezithintelweyo, kodwa azithengiswa kwaye zinokuthuthwa ngeenkqubo ezingqongqo ezikhethekileyo.

Kwiimpahla zebhetri, iimfuno eziqhelekileyo ziyimiyalelo ye-MSDS kunye novavanyo lwe-UN38.3 (UNDOT) kunye nesiqinisekiso;iimpahla zebhetri zineemfuno ezingqongqo zokupakisha kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza.

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Ukutya okuhlukeneyo kunye neziyobisi

Iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zempilo ezidliwayo, ukutya okucutshungulweyo, ii-condiments, iinkozo, imbewu yeoli, iimbotyi, izikhumba kunye nolunye uhlobo lokutya, kunye namayeza emveli aseTshayina, amayeza ebhayoloji, amayeza ekhemikhali kunye nezinye iintlobo zeziyobisi zibandakanyeka kuhlaselo lwebhayoloji.Ukuze kukhuselwe ubutyebi babo, amazwe Kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, inkqubo yokuvalelwa enyanzelekileyo iphunyezwa kwezo mpahla.Ngaphandle kwesatifikethi sokuvalelwa, zingahlelwa njengempahla enovakalelo.

Isatifikethi se-fumigation sesinye sezona ziqinisekiso eziqhelekileyo zolu hlobo lwempahla, kwaye isatifikethi se-fumigation sesinye sezatifikethi ze-CIQ.

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IiCD, iiCD, iincwadi kunye namaphepha-ncwadi

Iincwadi, amaphepha-ndaba, izinto ezishicilelweyo, ii<em>optical discs, ii<em>CD, iifilimu, nezinye iindidi zezinto eziyingozi kuqoqosho lwelizwe, ezobupolitika, inkcubeko yokuziphatha, okanye ezibandakanya iimfihlo zikarhulumente, kwaneempahla ezinemithombo yogcino lwekhompyutha, zinovakalelo nokuba ziyingozi kusini na. zithunyelwa ngaphandle okanye zithunyelwa ngaphandle.

Ukuthuthwa kolu hlobo lweempahla kufuna isatifikethi esivela kwiSizwe soMculo kunye neVidiyo yokuPapasha iNdlu kunye neleta yokuqinisekisa ebhalwe ngumenzi okanye umthengisi.

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Izinto ezingazinzanga ezifana nomgubo kunye ne-colloids

Njengezinto zokuthambisa, iimveliso zokhathalelo lwesikhumba, ioyile ebalulekileyo, intlama yamazinyo, i-lipstick, i-sunscreen, iziselo, i-perfume, njl.

Ngexesha lokuthutha, izinto ezinjalo ziguquguquka ngokulula, zifakwe ngumphunga, zifudumale ngokungqubana kunye nokukhupha, kwaye ziqhume ngenxa yokupakisha okanye ezinye iingxaki.Zizinto ezithintelweyo kuthutho lwempahla.

Iimveliso ezinjalo zihlala zifuna i-MSDS (iPhepha leDatha loKhuseleko lweChemical) kunye nengxelo yokuhlolwa kwempahla evela kwizibuko lokuhamba ngaphambi kokuba zibhengezwe njengezithethe.

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Izinto ezibukhali

Iimveliso ezibukhali kunye nezixhobo ezibukhali, kubandakanywa izixhobo zasekhitshini ezibukhali, izinto zokubhala kunye nezixhobo zehardware, zonke zizinto ezibuthathaka.Imipu yokudlala ebonakala isengqiqweni ngakumbi iya kuchazwa njengezixhobo kwaye igqalwe njengengekho mthethweni kwaye ayinakuthunyelwa.

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Iimpawu zomgunyathi

Iimpahla ezinebrendi okanye ezomgunyathi, nokuba zezenyani okanye zomgunyathi, zihlala zibandakanya umngcipheko weengxabano zomthetho ezinjengokwaphulwa komthetho, ngoko ke kufuneka zidlule kumajelo eempahla anovakalelo.
Iimveliso zomgunyathi zephula umthetho kwaye zifuna imvume yokuphuma kumasiko nezithethe.

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Izinto zemagneti

Okufana neebhanki zamandla, iifowuni eziphathwayo, iiwotshi, izinto zokudlala zombane, iithoyi zombane, iishaver, njl njl. Iimveliso zombane ezidla ngokuvelisa isandi nazo zinemagnethi.

Umda kunye neentlobo zezinto ezinobunzulu zibanzi, kwaye kulula kubathengi ukuba bacinge ngempazamo ukuba ayizozinto ezinovakalelo.

Shwankathela:

Kuba amazibuko ekusingwa aneemfuno ezahlukeneyo zempahla enovakalelo, iimfuno zokukhutshwa kwempahla kunye nababoneleli ngenkonzo yolungiselelo ziphezulu noko.Iqela lemisebenzi kufuneka lilungiselele kwangaphambili imigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo kunye nolwazi lwesiqinisekiso selizwe ekusingwa kulo.

Kubanikazi bempahla, kufuneka bafumane umboneleli oqinileyo wenkonzo yolungiselelo lothutho lwempahla ebuthathaka.Ukongeza, ixabiso lokuthuthwa kwempahla ebuthathaka liya kuba phezulu ngokuhambelanayo.