“Umlindi” weeNsimbi ezixabisekileyo: Kutheni iiDithiophosphates (ii-Black Agents) zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiMineral Flotation

Kwizityalo ezidadayo, ii-xanthates ziyaziwa kakhulu njengabaqokeleli abanamandla abanamandla okuqokelela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphucula ukufunyanwa kwegolide nesilivere okanye ukwahlula i-lead kwi-zinc, iingcali ze-metallurgists ezinamava zihlala zicebisa ii-dithiophosphates, ezaziwa ngokuba "zii-black agents" ngenxa yembonakalo yazo emnyama, edla ngokuba lulwelo oluqinileyo. Nangona zibonakala zingaqhelekanga, ezi reagents zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo zokunyanga izinyithi ezixabisekileyo kunye nee-ore ze-sulfide ezintsonkothileyo.

I. Zithini iiDithiophosphates (ii-Black Agents)?

IiDithiophosphates luhlobo lwabaqokeleli abanxulumene neexanthates ngokwekhemikhali. Nangona iixanthates ziqinile, zingakhethiyo, ezidla ngokudada ii-iron sulfides (pyrite), iidithiophosphates zikhetha ngakumbi. Zikwazinzile ngakumbi ngokwekhemikhali kwaye azinawo amathuba okubola.

II. Iingenelo eziphambili

1. Ubudlelwane obuphantsi kwiPyrite: Le yinzuzo enkulu yokwahlula i-lead okanye i-copper sulfides kwi-pyrite. IiXanthates zihlala zidada kwi-pyrite, ngelixa ii-dithiophosphates zibonisa amandla okuqokelela abuthathaka ukuya kwi-pyrite, nto leyo enceda ukwahlukana.
2. Amandla Okuqokelela Igolide Nesilivere Aqinileyo: IiDithiophosphates zenza imixokelelwane yeekhemikhali ezinzileyo kunye nomphezulu wesinyithi esixabisekileyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zisebenze kakhulu ekufumaneni igolide, isilivere, kunye neplatinum. Izityalo ezininzi zokucoca igolide zongeza iidithiophosphates (umz., iAero 238 okanye iammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate) kwimijikelezo yokuhluza okanye yokucoca ukuze kwandiswe ukubuyiswa kwesinyithi esixabisekileyo.
3. Iipropati Zokufuma: Ii-dithiophosphates ezininzi (umz., i-Aero 238) zinamandla okufuma, okunciphisa okanye kuphelisa isidingo sokufuma okongezelelweyo (njenge-MIBC okanye ioyile yephayini). Ufuma oluveliswayo ludla ngokuba buthathaka kwaye luqhekeke ngokukhawuleza.

III. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo

• I-Aero 238 (i-Alkyl Dithiophosphate): Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lolwelo oluneempawu zokuqokelela kunye nokukhupha igwebu. Ifanelekile ukwahlulwa kwe-lead-zinc kunye nokubuyiselwa kwe-copper-gold. Inevumba elinamandla kunye neempawu zokubola.
• I-Ammonium Dibutyl Dithiophosphate: Ifumaneka njengomgubo omhlophe (nangona igama elithi "i-agent emnyama"). Ayibolisi, ayinavumba liphantsi, ayinyibiliki emanzini. Ifanelekile kwiintsimbi zesilivere kunye neentsimbi zekopolo ezinganyangekiyo, ingakumbi apho imiba yokusingqongileyo iphambili.
• I-Diphenyl Dithiophosphate: Ayixhaphakanga kangako, inamandla okuqokelela. Isetyenziselwa i-galena erhabaxa okanye ecolekileyo.

IV. Izinto eziqwalaselwayo malunga nokusebenza

• Ingozi Yokugqwala: Ii-dithiophosphates ezingamanzi (umz., i-Aero 238) zinobuthi kwaye ziyagqwala. Sebenzisa izinto ezimelana ne-asidi kwiindlela zokulinganisa. Abaqhubi kufuneka banxibe ii-PPE ezifanelekileyo.
• Kuphephe Ukuthatha Idosi Egqithisileyo: Ukuthatha idosi egqithisileyo kunokubangela ulwelo olugqithisileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuphuphumeni (“ukuthwala”) kwiiseli ezidadayo. Lungisa idosi ngononophelo, ingakumbi xa kusetyenziswa idosi.
• I-Slower Kinetics: IiDithiophosphates zisebenza kancinci kuneexanthates kwaye zihlala zifuna ixesha elide lokulungisa ukuze zisebenze kakuhle.

V. Isiphelo

Kwindlela yanamhlanje yokwenziwa kwe-flotation, ii-dithiophosphates azithathi indawo yee-xanthates kodwa zi-reagents ezongezelelweyo. Icebo eliqhelekileyo kukusebenzisa ii-xanthates ukubuyisa ubungakanani kwi-flotation erhabaxa kunye nee-dithiophosphates kwizigaba ezicocekileyo ukuphucula ukukhetha kunye nokubuyisela izinyithi ezixabisekileyo.