Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweZinc kunye neMagnesium?

Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-zinc kunye ne-magnesium kukuba i-zinc yintsimbi ye-post-transition, ngelixa i-magnesium yintsimbi yomhlaba yealkaline.
I-Zinc kunye ne-magnesium zizinto zekhemikhali zetafile ye periodic.Ezi zinto zekhemikhali zenzeka ikakhulu njengeentsimbi.Nangona kunjalo, baneempawu ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali kunye nezomzimba ngenxa yokucwangciswa kwe-electron ezahlukeneyo.

Yintoni iZinc?

IZinc sisiqalelo sekhemikhali esinenombolo ye-athomu engu-30 kunye nesimboli yekhemikhali uZn.Le element yekhemikhali ifana ne-magnesium xa siqwalasela iimpawu zayo zeekhemikhali.Oku kungenxa yokuba zombini ezi zinto zibonisa i- +2 ye-oxidation state njenge-stable oxidation state, kunye ne-Mg+2 kunye ne-Zn+2 cations zinobukhulu obufanayo.Ngaphezu koko, le yeyona khemikhali ikwindawo yama-24 ngeyona mininzi emhlabeni.

Ubunzima obuqhelekileyo be-athomu ye-zinc yi-65.38, kwaye ibonakala njengesilivere-ngwevu eqinile.Ikwiqela le-12 kunye nephiriyodi yesi-4 kwitheyibhile yeperiodic.Le element yemichiza yeyokuba d block of elements, kwaye iza phantsi kodidi metal post-transition.Ngaphezu koko, i-zinc iqinile kubushushu obuqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo.Inesakhiwo sekristale esine-hexagonal esisondeleyo.

Intsimbi yeZinc yintsimbi yediamagnetic kwaye inenkangeleko ebluish-mhlophe ekhazimlayo.Kumaqondo obushushu amaninzi, le ntsimbi iqinile kwaye iyaphuka.Nangona kunjalo, iba yinto ethambileyo, phakathi kwe-100 kunye ne-150 °C.Ngaphaya koko, lo ngumqhubi wombane olungileyo.Nangona kunjalo, ineendawo ezisezantsi zokunyibilika kunye nokubilisa xa ithelekiswa nezinye iintsimbi ezininzi.

Xa kuqwalaselwa ukwenzeka kwesi sinyithi, uqweqwe lomhlaba lune-0.0075% ye-zinc.Singafumana le element kumhlaba, amanzi olwandle, ubhedu, kunye nentsimbi ekrwada, njl. Ukongeza, le element idla ngokufumaneka ngokudityaniswa nesulfure.

Yintoni iMagnesium?

IMagnesium sisiqalelo sekhemikhali esinenombolo ye-athomu engu-12 kunye nesimboli yekhemikhali uMg.Le element yekhemikhali yenzeka njenge grey-shiny solid kubushushu begumbi.Ikwiqela lesi-2, ixesha lesi-3, kwitheyibhile yeperiodic.Ke ngoko, sinokuyibiza njenge-s-block element.Ngapha koko, i-magnesium yintsimbi yomhlaba yealkaline (iqela le-2 iikhemikhali zemichiza zibizwa ngokuba yialkaline yomhlaba).Uqwalaselo lwe-electron yale ntsimbi yi [Ne]3s2.

I-Magnesium yesinyithi yinto eninzi yeekhemikhali kwindalo yonke.Ngokwendalo, le ntsimbi yenzeka ngokudityaniswa nezinye iikhemikhali.Ngaphandle koko, imeko ye-oxidation ye-magnesium yi +2.Isinyithi sasimahla sisebenza kakhulu, kodwa sinokuyivelisa njengesixhobo sokwenziwa.Inokutshisa, ivelise ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo.Siyibiza ngokuba kukukhanya okumhlophe okuqaqambileyo.Sinokufumana i-magnesium nge-electrolysis yeetyuwa ze-magnesium.Ezi tyuwa ze-magnesium zinokufumaneka kwi-brine.

IMagnesium yintsimbi ekhaphukhaphu, kwaye inawona maxabiso aphantsi okunyibilika kunye namanqaku abilayo phakathi kweemethali zomhlaba zealkaline.Esi sinyithi sikwaphuka kwaye kulula ukuphuka kunye neebhendi zokucheba.Xa idityaniswe nge-aluminiyam, i-alloy iba yi-ductile kakhulu.

Ukusabela phakathi kwe-magnesium kunye namanzi ayikhawulezi njengekhalsiyam kunye nezinye iintsimbi zomhlaba zealkaline.Xa sintywila iqhekeza le-magnesium emanzini, sinokubona amaqamza e-hydrogen ephuma kumphezulu wesinyithi.Nangona kunjalo, ukusabela kukhawuleza ngamanzi ashushu.Ngaphezu koko, le ntsimbi inokusabela nge-acids exothermally, umzekelo, i-hydrochloric acid (HCl).

Uthini Umahluko phakathi kweZinc kunye neMagnesium?

I-Zinc kunye ne-magnesium zizinto zekhemikhali zetafile ye periodic.I-Zinc sisiqalelo sekhemikhali esinenombolo ye-athomu engu-30 kunye nesimboli yekhemikhali engu-Zn, ngelixa i-magnesium iyikhemikhali enenombolo ye-athomu engu-12 kunye nesimboli yekhemikhali uMg.Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-zinc kunye ne-magnesium kukuba i-zinc yintsimbi ye-post-transition, ngelixa i-magnesium yintsimbi yomhlaba yealkaline.Ngaphezu koko, i-zinc isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwee-alloys, i-galvanizing, iinxalenye zemoto, izixhobo zombane, njl., ngelixa i-magnesium isetyenziswa njengenxalenye ye-aluminium alloys.Oku kubandakanya ii-alloys ezisetyenziswa kwiitoti zesiselo ze-aluminiyam.I-Magnesium, edibeneyo ne-zinc, isetyenziselwa ukuphosa ukufa.