Isishwankathelo sendlela ye-synthesi ye-ofisi yeGolide yeNdawo yeGolide

Isishwankathelo sendlela ye-synthesi ye-ofisi yeGolide yeNdawo yeGolide

Njengoko ilizwe lihlawula ngakumbi ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, kufanele ukuba libe ngumsebenzi ongurhulumente ukukhuthaza ukuphuculwa kweeprojekthi zongcoliseko oluhlaza kunye namanqanaba emveliso ephantsi, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphunyezwa kwamanqanaba okukhuselekileyo kwezinto ezichaphazelekayo zoKhuseleko lwezeNdalo. Ukulawulwa nokulawulwa kongcoliseko lwendalo kumthombo. Gxila. Ngokuqhubela phambili phambili kwitekhnoloji yokulungisa izimbiwa, igolide (igolide (igolide engalunganga) i-Agers yeZimbiwa ihlala ingeniswa rhoqo kwaye ingenamntu. Iiarhente ezinamatyum eziyityhefu ezinamachaphaza kunye nezendalo ezijolise ekutshintsheni i-sodium cynide ihluma kwilizwe lonke. Ezona zithango ziphambili ze-arhente ezinjalo: Ilungiselelwe i-tiocyanate, i-tiorea, iriya kunye nezinye iindawo zekhemikhali zongezwa nge-caustic soda. Xa kuthelekiswa neCyAnide yendabuko, inetyhefu esezantsi kwaye ikhuselekile ukuyisebenzisa. Ibaluleke kakhulu kwiGolide (intsimbi engafunekiyo) imveliso kunye nokukhusela kwendalo.

Indlela ye-Synthesis yokuvelisa iarhente enobungozi yegolide enobungozi enobuhlobo e-Urea, i-caustic Soda kunye neSoda i-Ash njengoko ezona zinto ziphambili zishwankathe ngokufutshane ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Indlela yoku-1: Ukushisa i-ash kunye ne-soda ye-molten kwi-colder, yongeza i-sodium ye-soldium ye-birdium (potassium), ivuyise kwaye iphole kwaye ipholise, ipholise, ipholise, ipholise, ipholise, ipholise, ipholile, ipholile, ipholile, ipholile, ipholile kwaye ipholile; Imveliso egqityiweyo idityaniswe yile ndlela yahlalutywa ngumbandela we-X-ray ukufumanisa ukuba ifakwe phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo. Inqanaba lokwaluphala lemveliso, iziphumo zibonisa ukuba: Iarhente yegolide idityaniswe kwi-regessium etyheli, i-soda kunye ne-soda ye-soda ye-soda ye-Sodium ye-Sodium, i-Sodium, kunye nesigaba esitsha ivelisiwe nayo. Sebenzisa kuphela okanye kokubini kwezi zinto ziphindaphindwe kabini zinokwenza isigaba esitsha. Kuba zonke ezinye izigaba azikwazi ukuvumela igolide, isigaba esitsha sinokuba senze njengearhente yeGolide yeGolide. Ke ngoko, ukudityaniswa kwezinto ezintathu ze-regassars potassium yegazi, i-Urea kunye neSoda i-Ash yimeko eyimfuneko ye-synthes yegolide esebenzayo enesigaba esitsha. Iqondo lokushisa lale ndlela inefuthe elibonakalayo kwimpembelelo yokugusha kunye nokwenziwa kwezigaba ezitsha. Xa iqondo lobushushu liphezulu kune-550 ° C, iifom zesigaba esitsha, kodwa nge-800 ° C, iqhinga elitsha liyanyamalala, kwaye iSigaba esitsha yayingazinzanga. Le ndlela isebenzisa ityiwa yegazi etyheli kunye ne-potassium, ebiza kakhulu kwaye inexabiso eliphezulu legalelo, elikhokelela kwiindleko zemveliso ephezulu.

Indlela yesi-2: Ubushushu buka-Ireya, iSoda Ash, i-catalyst, kwaye i-inhibitors kwimo etyhidiweyo, yigcine ifudumele kangangexesha elithile, ukukhutshwa kunye nokupholisa, ukuqhekeza kwaye kuphoxeke, kupholile; Le ndlela ikwasebenzisa i-Urea kunye neSoda Ash njengezinto eziphambili ezingaphantsi, kodwa zongeza i-catalyst inokukhuthaza ukuphendula ngamaqondo obushushu aphakathi aphantsi. Kwangelo xesha, i-inhibitors yongezwa ngexesha lenkqubo ye-synthesi yokuthintela imveliso ekubeni ibongoza amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye ichaphazele ukunyamalala kwezigaba ezitsha, ezichaphazela umgangatho kunye nokuzinza kwemveliso. Uhlalutyo lwe-X-Ray Ukuhlanjwa kwemveliso egqityiweyo yongezwa yile ndlela inokutyhila izigaba ezitsha ezinokudlala indima yokuntywila kwegolide. Indleko yale ndlela iphantsi, umxholo weethafa ezisebenzayo kwimveliso uyafakwa, kwaye umxholo wezithako ezisebenzayo uphakame kuneyona ndlela iphezulu.

Indlela yesithathu: ukusabela u-urea, iSoda Ash, kunye nokunciphisa iarhente kwimo etyhidiweyo. Emva kokuphendula kugqityiwe, kupholile, ukutyhoboza kunye nephakeji. Le ndlela ngokusisiseko isebenzisa i-Urea kunye neSoda Ash ukuze iphendule kwiqondo lokushisa elithile ukuhlekisa iSodium Scenate. Ukunciphisa iiarhente ezinje ngomgubo wentsimbi kunye nokunciphisa umgubo we-carbon kungayinciphisa i-sodium cycalate cydide ityhefu yesodium yesodium. Le ndlela ixabisa kakhulu kwaye inokuqulunqwa iimveliso ezigqityiweyo. Uhlalutyo lwe-X-Ray Ukubonisa ukuba akukho sigaba sintsha senziwe, ubukhulu becala iSodium cynide.

Ezona zinto ziphambili zezinto eziphezulu zezi ndlela zingezantsi ze-URE kunye neSoda Ash. Umxube we-soda ye-soda kunye nesodium cynate inokusetyenziswa njengezixhobo ze-haw yokuphepha igesi ye-ammonia eveliswe yindlela yangaphambili yokuphendula ngokungcolisa indalo. Izixhobo zokuphendula kwezi ndlela zintathu ziyafana, kwaye iziko lombane eliphezulu lobushushu okanye ioyile yedizili inokusetyenziswa. Okanye irhasi egxothiweyo yemveliso.