Isishwankathelo seShishini uChadi

I-chain yeshishini yobhedu ifaka ubomi bonke bobhedu, kubandakanya imigodi ye-orern kunye nokuxhamla kwemveliso ye-ore, ukusuka kwi-ore ye-ored (ukusuka kwi-ore ye-ored), i-ored script yemveliso, kunye nokurisayikilisha i-scrap Ubhedu malunga nokuphumla.
Inqanaba lokulwa: Imigodi yobhedu yenziwa ngokusebenzisa imigodi yemoto evulekileyo, ukufaka phantsi komhlaba, kunye neendlela zokufundisa.
• Inqanaba loxinzelelo: I-Copper Ore iphantsi kwe-Flotation i-Flotation ukuvelisa ubhedu lugxile kumxholo wobhedu olusezantsi.
• Inqanaba lokuntywila: I-Copper igxile kwaye i-Scrap yobhedu ihlaziyiwe nge-pyrometallgergy okanye i-hydrometallgergy ukuba ivelise ubhedu oluhlangeneyo, olusebenza njengezixhobo ezidumileyo zemizi-mveliso esezantsi.
• Inqanaba lokuqhubela phambili: Ubhedu oluhlaziyiweyo luqhubekeka kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya neentonga zobhedu, iityhubhu, iipleyiti, iingcingo, i-ingoos, kunye neefolokhwe.
• Inqanaba lokusebenzisa-: ezi mveliso zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumandla ekhompyutha, ukwakhiwa, kunye nemizi mveliso yokuhamba.

I-Upstream-Cowper Ore kwi-Copper igxile

I-Copper Ore yiyahluka kwaye inokuthi ihlelwe kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-geological-gener, kubandakanya:
1. I-Porphyry Copper
I-2. I-Sandstone-Shale yobhedu
I-3. I-Copper-nickel sulfide
I-4. CYIBIR-Chwether
I-5. I-Copper-Uranium-igolide
I-6. I-Copper yeNtengiso
I-7. Uhlobo lobhedu lwe-vein
8. I-Carbonatite yobhedu
9. I-Skarn Copper

Icandelo lemigodi yobhedu ligxilwe kakhulu, kwaye umdaniso wenzuzo wenzuzo opheleleyo ekwenzeni kunye nezibonelelo ziphezulu kakhulu kunakwamanye amanqanaba omtya.

Imithombo yenzuzo kwi-chain yeshishini yobhedu:
Icandelo leMigodi: Ingeniso evela kobhedu (emva kokuthambisa iindleko) kunye neemveliso ze-AID (i-SulFuric Acid, igolide, isilivere, njl.njl.).
Icandelo lokunyibilika: Ingeniso evela kwimirhumo yokucoca kunye nexabiso elisasazeka phakathi kwemvumelwano kunye namaxabiso endawo.
Icandelo lokulungisa: Ingeniso ekusebenzeni kweefizi, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo olongezelelekileyo lweemveliso ezisetyenzisiweyo.

Inzuzo yecandelo eliphezulu ichazwe ngamaxabiso ensimbi, intlawulo yeefizi, kunye neendleko zemigodi. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezixhobo zobhedu, icandelo eliphezulu limela elona nqanaba liphezulu kwi-chain yeshishini lobhedu.

Middrem-inyibilikisi ye-copper igxile kunye ne-scrap yobhedu

Ukunyibilikisa i-Copper kubandakanya ukuphawula isinyithi kwi-ore kusetyenziswa iindlela ezinje ngokugqobhoza, ukunyibilika, kunye nokuqhubekeka kwamachiza. Eyona njongo iphambili kukunciphisa ukungcola okanye ukuphucula izinto ezithile ukuvelisa inyithi yobhedu enqwenelekayo.
• I-Pyrometallgergy: Ilungele i-Copper ye-Copper Corfide igxile (ikakhulu iChwalaprite Gatsar).
I-Hydrometallgergy: Ifanelekile i-oxidd yobhedu.

I-Dowystream - Ukusetyenziswa kobhedu

Ubhedu oluhlaziyiweyo lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini anje ngamandla, i-elektroniki, ukuvelisa oomatshini, kunye nolwakhiwo.
• Ubhedu kunye ne-alloys yayo yeyeyona minyinyana ichithiweyo emhlabeni wonke, emva kwentsimbi ne-aluminium.
• Kumzi-mveliso wombane, ubhedu yeyona ntsimbi isetyenziswa kakhulu, efumaneka kwiingcingo, iintambo, kunye nemikhombatha yemveliso.
• Ekuzikhuseleni kunye ne-aerospace, ubhedu lusetyenziswa kwi-amunition, imipu, kunye nokutshintshwa kobushushu ngeenqwelomoya kunye neenqanawa.
• Ubhedu lusetyenziswa kwibheringi, iipistons, ukutshintshela, izixhobo zokwenza uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-thermal kunye nokupholisa.
Ukongeza, izixhobo zoluntu kunye netekhnoloji yobushushu ixhomekeke kakhulu kwi-woreper kunye nobhedu.

Esi sakhiwo esihlanganisiweyo sibonisa ukubaluleka kwemveliso yobhedu kunye nezicelo ezibanzi kumacandelo amaninzi.