Urhwebo lwangaphandle lwekhemikhali lubhekisa kurhwebo lwamanye amazwe lweekhemikhali. Iichemicals zibandakanya iimveliso ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezifana neplastiki, iirabha, iipilisi, iidayisi, njl. Zisetyenziselwa izixhobo zokusebenza, izixhobo zonyango, izixhobo zokwakha, izixhobo zokwakha, njl.
Izinto ezingafunekiyo zeekhemikhali zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yemizi mveliso. Imeko yabo yesicelo iphambili ibandakanya le miba ilandelayo:
1. Ishishini leekhemikhali: Izinto ezingafunekiyo zekhemikhali sisiseko seshishini leekhemikhali kwaye zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-synthesis, ezinjengeeplastiki, iidigs, amayeza, njl.
I-2. Ishishini lePetrochemical: Ishishini lePetrochemical yindawo ebalulekileyo yecandelo lemichiza lemichiza. Eyona njongo iphambili kukuvelisa iimveliso zepetrochemical, ezinjengePetroleum Ether, iPetroleum ye-Petroleum, iPetroleum Wax, njl njl.
3. Ishishini le-mesteljelical: Izinto ezingafunekiyo zekhemikhali nazo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumzi-mveliso weqonga, ubukhulu becala zisetyenziswa kwiiarhente zentyatyambo ezizimbiwa, iiarhente zokuphelelwa ngamathambo, iiarhente zonyango zentsimbi, njl.
4. Intsimi yezolimo: Izinto ezingafunekiyo zekhemikhali nazo zinezicelo ezibalulekileyo kwicandelo lezolimo. Zisetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kukuchumisa izichumisi, izinambuzane, i-herbicides, i-fungicides, njl njl.
5. Izinto eziyimfuneko zemihla ngemihla: Izinto ezingafunwa ngemichiza zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwenzeni iimfuno zemihla ngemihla, ezinjengokucoca, iziqholo, iicosmetics, imilebe, njl.
Ukuphamba, izinto zokwenza isicelo zibanzi kakhulu, zibandakanya amashishini amaninzi kunye namasimi, kwaye zibonelela ngenkxaso ebalulekileyo yokuvelisa imisebenzi yemfundo kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla.
Urhwebo lwangaphandle lwekhemikhali nguShishino lweHlabathi, ke kufuneka ukuba bayiqonde ngokupheleleyo imithetho nemigaqo yamazwe ahlukeneyo, kunye neemeko zentengiso. Izakhono zorhwebo ezinobuchule ezinjengoPhando lweeMarike, izakhono zokuthengisa, izakhono zokuxoxa, kunye nolawulo lwezinto ziyafuneka.
Kwangelo xesha, urhwebo lwangaphandle lwekhemikhali lujongana nemiceli mngeni emininzi, njengokuya kukhuphiswano lwehlabathi olunamandla kunye nemigangatho engqongqo yendalo kunye nezokhuseleko. Ke ngoko, ulwazi lobuchule kunye namava kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphumelela kweli shishini.
Zeziphi iindidi eziphambili okanye iintlobo zeefilimi zekhemikhali?
Izinto ezingafunekiyo zekhemikhali zibhekisa kwizinto eziluhlaza ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza iikhemikhali, iiplasitiki, irabha kunye nezinye iimveliso zekhemikhali. Zininzi iindidi zeemveliso zekhemikhali, ezinokwahlulwahlulwahlulwahlulwa kwezi nqanaba zilandelayo ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhlelwa:
1. Iikhemikhali ezisisiseko: kubandakanya iikhemikhali ze-inorganic kunye neekhemikhali ze-organic, i-aluminic acid, i-sodium hydroxide, i-slodium acid, ethanol, i-ethanol, njl. Njl.
2. Izinto zePolymer: kubandakanya iplastiki, irabha, i-seluples, e-Polypropylene, iPolyviny ye-Polyvingl, i-polyoene-irabha-irabha, njl.
I-3. I-suntfcantients: kubandakanya i-anion sunzo surfaments, i-cuonic surfacapes, i-surphocapes ye-surphoterac, njenge-amdium dodecylbene romide, i-pulyoxyylenene ye-ether, njl.
4. I-Shemical Advices: kubandakanya i-catalysts, izilo, izinto zokugcina, iifilitha, i-filnty, i-phospen phospreli, i-siside, njl.
5. I-pigments kunye ne-dyes: kubandakanya ii-pigments ze-organic kunye ne-pigganclic pignning, njenge-chromate ye-chromate etyheli, i-eltraviolet abes, i-bebimidalisole, njl.
6. Iichemicals ezintle: kubandakanya imichiza yamachiza, iziqholo, idayi eziphakathi, njl njl.
Ixesha lokuphumla: Jul-17 ukuya ku-924
