Imephu ye-caustic soda yeshishini

Yintoni i-caustic soda?

I-Sodium hydroxide, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-caustic soda kunye nesoda ye-caustic, inemichiza yekhemikhali. Sisiseko esomeleleyo kakhulu, ihlala ikwimo ye-flekes emhlophe okanye iigramles. Ingadityaniswa namanzi ukwenza isisombululo se-alkaline, kwaye sinokuchithwa eMetanol kunye ne-ethanol. Le nto i-alkaline ye-alkali inecenty kwaye iya kuthatha umphunga wamanzi emoyeni, kunye neegesi ze-acidic ezinje ngekharbon diok b diokside. I-Sodium hydroxide yenye yeekhemikhali ezisetyenziswa rhoqo. It has a wide range of applications and is a necessity in many industrial processes: it is often used in the manufacture of wood pulp paper, textiles, soaps and other detergents, and is also used in household alkaline drain cleaning products.

Yenziwe njani iSoda ye-caustic?

Eyona ndlela isetyenziswayo yezamashishini isetyenziselwa i-electrolysis, eyahlulwe yangoku:
◆ disdafragm Electrolysis: Emva kokuwisa ityuwa ye-RAW, yongeza iSoda, iSoda ye-caustic, kunye ne-Barium ye-Brium Cbloride ukuba isuse i-calcium efana ne-calcium, i-magnesium kunye ne-ilfleate. Emva koko yongeza i-sodium polyacrylate okanye i-causticated ran kwitanki yokucacisa ukhalaza i-piction. Emva kokuqina kwesanti, yongeza i-hydrochloric acid ukuba ungathathi cala. I-brine ithathiwe kwaye ithunyelwe kwi-electrolysis. I-electrolyte ikhutshiwe, ikhutshiwe, ityiwa, kwaye ipholile ukufumana isoda ye-caustic. Ukuqhubeka nokubila kunye nokugxininisa kuya kufumana imveliso eqinileyo ye-SODAC. Ukuhlamba udaka lwetyuwa kusetyenziselwa ukutolika. Ifomula yekhemicamikhi: 2NACL + 2H₂O [i-elektrolysis] → 2NOOW + CL₂↑ + H₂↑
Indlela ye-memmrane ye-membrane: Emva kokuba ityuwa yetyuwa ityiwa, i-brine ihlaziywe ngokwendlela yesiqhelo. I-brine yokuqala ehlaziyiweyo iconjululwe nge-microbhon ye-subbon turter ye-subbon turter, kwaye iphinde ihlaziywe nge-ion ye-ion yokutshitshisa i-ion ye-ion yokutshitshisa i-Calcium kunye nomxholo we-magnesis kwi-0.002%. I-Brine yesibini ehlanjululwe i-electrolyzed ukuvelisa i-chlorine kwigumbi lase-Anade. I-NA + kwi-brine kwigumbi le-anode lingena kwi-Cathode Chukuhla nge-ion membrane kwaye ivelisa i-sodium hydroxide nelona gumbi likwa-thehode kwigumbi le-cathode. I-H + ikhutshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-Mathode yokuvelisa i-hydrogen. Ngexesha lenkqubo ye-electrolysis, isixa esifanelekileyo se-hydrocyloric acid yongezwa kwigumbi le-anode ukuba libuyise igumbi elicocekileyo le-Kathode. Ukugxininiswa kwesoda ye-caustic ephezulu ye-cathode igumbi lama-30% ukuya kwi-32% (i-Mass), okanye inokujongwa ngokuthe ngqo kwimveliso egqityiweyo ye-caustic soda. Ifomucula yekhemicamikhi: 2NAC + 2h₂O → 2NOOOH + H₂↑ + Cl₂↑

Imveliso ye-caustic soda i-upsstream yemveliso

Ityuwa ye-Raw: Ngokubanzi ibhekisa kwityuwa ye-shiw, yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ze-caustic soda kunye nesoda ye-ash. I-Akhawunti yayo yeTew Sult i-70% yemveliso yonyaka iyonke imveliso yonyaka iyonke.

Iimveliso eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo

I-1. I-Alumna: Ifomathi leChemical Cowuko al2. Kubunzima obuphakathi ngamanqaku anyibilikayo abangama-2054 ° C kunye nendawo yokubila engama-2980 ° C. Yinto ye-ion crystal enokuthi i-ionsed kwiqondo lobushushu ephezulu kwaye isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimveliso ye-proloride, i-aluminium ye-aluminium, i-pigment yepeyinti, ukuxhuzula ipeyinti, njl.
Iphepha lesi-2. Iphepha eliqinisekileyo: Izinto ezenziwe ngeBhodi ezenziwe ngamaphepha apheleleyo kunye nephepha elocwelweyo lenziwe ziingqengqele. Yahlulahlulwahlulwe ngamaphepha amabini ephepheni enye kunye nePhepha lePhepha lePhepha eliPhezulu lePhepha. Inezibonelelo zeendleko eziphantsi, ubunzima bokukhanya, ukuqhubekeka ngokulula, amandla aphezulu, ukushicilela ngokugqibeleleyo, kunye nokugcina lula nokuhamba. I-Caustic Soda idlala indima yearhente encedisayo.
I-3. I-G fomatic Acid: I-Fortic Acid yenye yezinto ezisisiseko zekhemikhali zekhemikhali kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini anjengeyeza, ngesikhumba, idayi, amayeza kunye nerabha.

I-4. I-Sodium ye-sodium: iveliswa ngemveliso ye-carbon monoxide kunye nesodium hydroxide nge-150-16 ° C kunye ne-2MPA. Ngapha koko, inkqubo yemveliso ye-sodium inxenye yemveliso ye-oxdic acid, kunye nokuxinana kwesona sesisombululo seSodium esetyenziselwa ukuphendula nge-25% -30%.

I-5. I-Zirconium oxyloride: I-birconium hydroxide ye-Hydrochloric Indlela isebenzisa i-ziirdon kunye ne-caustic soda i-shoproxic i-chapp, ichithe i-suldoncloric acid ifumane i-birconcloride i-shoynchloride , kwaye Emva koko fumana imveliso ye-ziircorinde ye-bichcoride ngengxaki yokuphuma kwe-elupide, i-ringstal yokupholisa kunye nokuqhekeka kwekristali.