I-Sodium hydroxide, ebizwa ngokuba yi-caustic soda, i-soda yomlilo kunye ne-caustic soda, i-alkali inesimo se-Alkali enesidima kwi-flakes, amaqhinga, okanye iibhloksi. Inyibilika ngokulula emanzini (ikhupha ubushushu xa inyibilikisiwe emanzini) kwaye iyenza isisombululo seAlkaline. Yinto enqabileyo kwaye inokuthi ngokulula ifumane i-vapor ye-vapor yamanzi (i-Deliquescence) kunye ne-carbon diokside (i-racking) emoyeni. I-Hydrochloric Acid inokuvunyelwa ukuba ijonge ukuba iphantsi na. Inyibilikiswe ngokulula emanzini, e-Ethanol, nakwi-glycerol, kodwa i-incoller e-acetone kwaye i-ether. Imveliso enyulu yinto engenamibala kwaye ingenabala. Ukuxinana 2.13G / CM3. Inqaku lokunyibilika 318 ℃. Inqaku lokubila 1388 ℃. Iimveliso zemizi-mveliso ziqulethe inani elincinci le-sodium ye-sodium ye-chloride kunye ne-sodium carbonate, ezimhlophe ze-opaque. Makhe sithethe malunga nezicelo ezisebenzayo ze-sodium hydroxide kwiinkqubo zonyango zensimbi.
1. Ukususwa kweoyile, sebenzisa i-sodium hydroxide ukuba iphendule ngama-steric acid stearate (isepha) kunye ne-glycerin (i-glycerin). Xa uxinzelelo lwe-sodium hydroxide incipha kwaye i-pH ingaphantsi kwe-10,5, i-sodium stearate iya kuncitshiswa kwaye isiphumo sokususa ioyile siya kuncitshiswa; Ukuba uxinzelelo luphakamile kakhulu, i-steabiium yesodium stearate kunye ne-surfacnty iya kuncitshiswa, ikhokelela ekuxhaseni amanzi ahluphekayo kunye ne-hydrogen oxidation. I-Dodium Dosage ngokubanzi ayidluli kwi-100g / l. I-Sodium hydroxide isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo zensimbi, ezinje nge-steels ezahlukeneyo, i-Altinay Alloys, i-nickel, njl njl, njl njl. Nangona kunjalo, i-sodium hydroxide akufuneki isetyenziselwe ukudinisa iindawo ze-alkali-forwer alkali efana ne-aluminium kunye ne-zinc. I-Alkaline yokuqhubela kweplastiki ilungele i-ABS, iPolysulfone, i-Polysultyrene, njl njl.
2. Isicelo se-etching yensimbi ①. Kunyango lwe-Aluminium Alloty ngaphambi kokuba i-oxidation, isixa esikhulu se-sodium hydroxide sisetyenziselwa i-alkali ehloning. Le ndlela yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yonyango phambi kweAluminiyam alloy. Isixa esikhulu se-sodium hydroxide sisetyenziselwa ukufunyanwa kwe-alloum alloy. ②. I-Sodium hydroxide yinto ebalulekileyo ye-etching ye-etching ye-alkisum kunye ne-alloys. Ikwayindlela ye-etching eqhelekileyo namhlanje. Kwinkqubo ye-etking ye-aluminium kunye ne-alloys, umxholo we-sodium hydroxide ilawulwa ngokubanzi kwi-100 ~ 200 g / l. , kwaye njengoko uxinzelelo lwe-sodium hydroxide, isantya se-etching siyakhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uxinzelelo luphakamile kakhulu, luya kwandisa indleko. Umgangatho we-etking kwezinye izinto ze-aluminium ziyonakala. Impendulo yile ilandelayo yeAi + Hayi Hayio = Naaio2 + H2 ↑
3. Kwi-elektroplating kunye nokubekwa kweekhephu zokubekwa kweekhemikhali, isixa esikhulu se-sodium hydroxide sisetyenziswa kwi-Alkaline Tin Pin kunye ne-Alkaline Zin Plates. Ngakumbi kwi-alkaline ye-alkali, isixa esaneleyo se-sodium hydroxide yimeko esisiseko ukugcina uzinzo lwesicombululo; Ukuthintelwa okungenamkhethe kusetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kwe-PH ye-PHIT yokubekwa kobhedu; isetyenziselwe ukulungiswa kwesisombululo se-zinc Ukuntywila phambi kwe-AlUminium Alftiss Elfroud / i-elektroplating, njl. ①. Isicelo kwi-senide ye-winc plates. I-Sodium hydroxide yenye iarhente egcwele iarhente kwibhafu yokuhlamba. Intsonkothela i-zinc iion ukwenza ii-zion zeZinto zeZinto, ezenza ukuba ukuhlamba izithembiso ngakumbi kwaye kuphucula ukuqhubela phambili kwendlela yokuhlamba. Ke ngoko, igalelo elifanelekileyo lokusebenza ngokufezekileyo kunye nokusasazeka kwesisombululo seplastiki kuphucuka. Xa umxholo weSodium hydroxide uphakame, i-anode inyibilike ngokukhawuleza, ibangela umxholo we-zinc kwisisombululo sokubeka ukuze inyukele kwaye i-comances ibe rhabaxa. Ukuba i-sodium hydroxide iphantsi kakhulu, ukuqhubela kwesisombululo seplani kuhlwempuzekile, ukulunga ngoku kuyahla, kwaye ukungqengqa kuya kuba rhabaxa. Kwisisombululo sokubeka esingenakuqulatha i-sodium hydroxide, ukusebenza kakuhle kwengqondo kuphantsi kakhulu. Njengoxinzelelo lwe-sodium ye-sodium hydroxide, impumelelo esebenzayo inyuka kancinci kancinci. Xa uxinzelelo lwe-sodium hydroxide ifikelela kwinani elithile (njenge-80g / l), ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-cathodefic fikelela kwixabiso eliphezulu kwaye kuhlala kunjalo rhoqo emva koko. ②. Isicelo se-senroplaitha: i-sodium hydroxide yiarhente yentsokothileyo kunye netyuwa ehleliweyo. Ukugqithisa okuncinci kwe-sodium hydroxide kunokwenza ii-ions ezizinza ngakumbi ngakumbi kwaye ziyindlela engcono yokuphucula amandla okuphucula amandla okusasaza kwesisombululo sokutsala isisombululo. , kwaye uvumele i-anode inyibilike ngokwesiqhelo. Umyinge omkhulu we-chinc oxide ukuya kwi-sodium hydroxide kwi-senty yesisombululo se-zinfiting kwi-1: (10 ~ 14), kumda ongezantsi wokubeka kunye nomda ophezulu wokubethelwa komgangatho. Xa umxholo weSodium hydroxide uphakame kakhulu, i-Anode inyibilike kakhulu, uxinzelelo lwe-inin ye-zinc iphakame kakhulu, kwaye i-crystalition ye-COODS inzima. Ukuba umxholo uphantsi kakhulu, ukuqhubela kwempahla yokuhlamba iplastiki kuncitshisiwe, kwaye i-zinc hydroxide iveliswe ngokulula, echaphazela umgangatho wokudibana. ③. Isicelo kwi-alkaline tin. Kwi-Alkaline Tin, umsebenzi ophambili we-sodium hydroxide kukwenza ubunzima obuzinzileyo ngetyuwa ye-ten, ukuphucula ukuqhutywa kwenkqubo, kunye nokwenza lula ukutshitshiswa kwesiqhelo kwe-anode eqhelekileyo. Njengoko uxinzelelo lwe-sodium ye-sodium hydroxide, ipolizarization iba namandla kwaye amandla okusasaza ayonyuka, kodwa ukwehla kwempumelelo kuyaphucuka. Ukuba i-sodium hydroxide iphezulu kakhulu, kunzima kwi-anode ukugcina ilizwe elisecaleni kwaye liyinyibilikise i-divantl ye-divantl, kukhokelela kumgangatho ophantsi kakhulu. Ke ngoko, ukulawula uxinzelelo lwe-sodium hydroxide kubaluleke kakhulu kunokulawula umxholo we-tin yetyuwa. Ngokwesiqhelo isodium hydroxide ilawulwa nge-7 ~ 15g / L, kwaye ukuba i-potassium hydroxide isetyenziswa, ilawulwa nge-10 ~ 20g / l. Kwinkqubo yokubeka i-alkaline ye-alkali, i-sodium hydroxide ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH yesisombululo se-plating, gcina uzinzo lwesisombululo kwaye ubonelele ngendawo ye-alkaline yokupheliswa kwe-formaldehydehy. Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ukwandisa ukugxininiswa kwe-sodium hydroxide kunokukhulisa ngokufanelekileyo isantya sedipozithi ye-songdroight ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa kugxilwe kakhulu kwi-sodium ye-sodium hydroxide ayinakunyusa isantya sobume boxolo. I-Sodium hydroxide isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-oxidation yentsimbi. Uxinzelelo lwe-sodium hydroxide ngokuthe ngqo ichaphazela isantya se-oxidation yentsimbi. Insimbi ephezulu yecarbon inesantya esikhawulezayo sesantya se-oxidation esikhawulezayo kunye noxinzelelo olusezantsi (550 ~ 650G / L) inokusetyenziswa. I-carbon ye-carbon ye-carbon isantya sesantya siyacotha kwaye siphezulu (600 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~) inokusetyenziswa. Xa uxinzelelo lwe-sodium hydroxide luphezulu, ifilimu ye-oxide inkulu, kodwa ifilimu yefilimu ikhululekile kwaye inothuli, kwaye uthuli olomeleleyo lubonakale. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-sodium hydroxide lungaphezulu kwe-1100g / L, i-oxtic yentsimbi ichithwe kwaye ayikwazi ukwenza ifilimu. Ukuxinezeleka kwe-sodium hydroxide ukuba iphantsi kakhulu, ifilimu yesigusha iya kuba mncinci kwaye umphezulu uya kutshata, kwaye intsebenzo yokukhusela iya kuba lihlwempu.
I-4. Isicelo kunyango lonyango: i-sodium hydroxide yiarhente yokungathathi cala isetyenziselwa iarhente yentsimbi ye-ies ye-ion yokutsalwa kwamanzi amdaka akhutshwe kwi-elektroplast, ithayi, njl njl.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UPE-04-2024
